Legal Protection of Patient's Electronic Medical Record: Indonesian Legal Perspective

Christin Septina Basani

doi:10.28932/di.v15i1.7492

Authors

Christin Septina Basani Universitas Kristen Maranatha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28932/di.v15i1.7492

Keywords:

Electronic Medical Record, Health Service, Legal Protection

Abstract

Health is the most fundamental factor of every citizen, particularly in Indonesia. Considering that many people need health services, patients’ data are pivotal as they contain patients’ health and medical records, identity, examination, medication, and other services patients receive in health services. Medical record in Indonesia is regulated by the Minister of Health Regulation No. 269 of 2008 on Medical Record and the Minister of Health Regulation No .22 of 2022 on Electronic Medical Record. The transition to electronic medical records is expected to finish on 31 December 2023. Electronic Medical Records (EMRs), which are now being implemented across the healthcare system in Indonesia, have the potential to fulfill the rights of citizens in the healthcare sector. On the other hand, data security for patients requires protection, as electronic systems may be vulnerable to data breaches and misuse by unauthorized individuals. The objective of this research is to examine the legal protection for patients when their electronic medical record data is misused and to elucidate patients' rights in the realm of healthcare, particularly concerning medical records. The research employs a normative juridical approach with a legislative regulation focus. Article 29 of Minister of Health Regulation No. 22 of 2022 already addresses data protection for patients' personal information, although continuous monitoring of the implementation of patient's Electronic Medical Records is still necessary. The findings of this study emphasize the necessity of ensuring data protection guarantees for patients stored within electronic systems.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Books

Amiruddin and Zainal Asikin. Pengantar Metode Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta, Raja Grafindo Persada, 2018.

Habas, Hafid, et al. Buku Pedoman Hak Asasi Manusia Bagi Dokter Dan Pasien dalam Mencegah Malpraktek Kedokteran. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan HAM Departemen Hukum dan HAM RI, 2008.

LBHM. Buku Saku, Hak Atas Kesehatan. LBH Masyarakat, 2019.

Perwira, Indra, et al. Kesehatan Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia, dalam Bagir Manan, Dimensi-Dimensi Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Bandung, PSKN FH Unpad, 2009.

Journals

Ardinata, Mikho. “Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap jaminan Kesehatan Dalam Prespektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM).” Jurnal HAM, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2020, p. 319-332, http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/ham.2020.11.319-332.

Andriana, Edy Santoso. “Ketidakamanan Perlindungan Data Konsumen Di Sektor e-Health.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, Vol. 23, No. 1, 2023, pp. 115-130, http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2023.V23.115-130.

Baskara, Made Bayu, et al. “Tanggung Jawab Rumah Sakit Terhadap Kerahasiaan Rekam Medis (Medic Record) di Masa Pandemi Covid 19.” Jurnal Analogi Hukum, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2022, pp. 26-30, https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.4.1.2022.26- 30.

Fauzi, Muhamad Rizal, et al. “Kerahasiaan dan Keamanan Rekam Medis di Rumah Sakit Hermina Arca Manik.” Politeknik Piksi Ganesha, Bandung, Cendekia: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2021, pp. 1161-1169, https://doi.org/10.59141/cerdika.v1i9.176.

Genaro, Govin. “Metode Penelitian (Tinjauan Yuridis Kewenangan DPRD Dalam Mengusulkan Pemberhentian Hakim Konstitusi).” Jurnal UKM, April 2023.

Humairah, Syifa Addini. “Upaya Penanggulangan Kebocoran data Pribadi Pada Aplikasi Lacak Pasien Corona Melalui Pemberlakuan UU PDP.” Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2023, pp. 354-368, https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v4i4.118.

Isriawaty, Fheriyal Sri. “Tanggung Jawab Negara Dalam Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan Masyarakat Berdasarkan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945.” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Legal Opinion, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2015, pp. 1- 10.

Kurniawan, Alfian Kristian and Anang Setiawan. “Perlindungan Data Rekam Medis Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Data Pribadi Pasien Selama Covid 19.” Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2021, pp. 95-112, https://doi.org/10.20961/hpe.v9i1.52586.

Purwanto. “Pembaharuan Definisi Asuransi dalam Sistem Hukum di Indonesia.” Risalah Hukum, Vol. 2, No 2, 2006, pp. 87-93.

Prasetyo, Handryas, et al. “Urgensi Perlindungan Hukum Data Pribadi Pasien Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Berbasis Teknologi di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Galuh Justisi, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2020, pp. 168-185, http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/justisi.v8i2.3479.

Prasasti, Tazia intan and Dian Budi Santoso. “Keamanan dan Kerahasiaan Berkas Rekam Medis di RSUD Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Klaten.” Sekolah Vokasi UGM, Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2017, pp. 138-139, https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.30326.

Rahmadiliyani, Nina and Faisal. “Kerahasiaan Rekam Medis di Rumah Sakit Aveciena Medika Martapura.” STIKes Husada Borneo, Jurnal Management Informasi Kesehatan Indonesia, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2018, pp. 69-78, https://doi.org/10.33560/jmiki.v6i2.189.

Rubiyanti, Neng Sari. “Penerapan Rekam Medis Elektronik di Rumah Sakit di Indonesia: Kajian Yuridis” ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2023, pp. 179-187, https://doi.org/10.59246/aladalah.v1i1.163.

Siswati, Jessica Dwi. “Tinjauan Penerapan Sistem Rekam Medis Elektronik Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit Pelabuhan Jakarta.” Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Esa Unggul Jakarta, Forum Ilmiah, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2017, pp. 177- 181.

Tua, Sahat Maruli. “Penyalahgunaan Data Pribadi Sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Sempurna Dalam Prespektif Hukum Siber, FH Universitas Komputer Bandung.” Jurnal SASI Universitas Pattimura, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2021, pp. 33-52, http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v27i1.394.

Law and Regulations

The 1945 Constitution.

Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights.

Law No. 29 of 2004 on Medical Practice.

Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health.

Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 47 of 2016 concerning Health Service Facilities.

Minister of Health Regulation No. 24 of 2022 on Electronic Medical Record.

Thesis and Disertasion

Bantennia, Pattihatul Jannah Putri. Upaya Dinas Kesehatan Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Masyarakat (Studi Kasus Di Puskesmas Kampar Utara Kecamatan Kampar Utara Kabupaten Kampar). Skripsi, Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Ilmu Sosial Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Pekanbaru, 2017.

Sharon, Tirsa. Tinjauan Rekam Medis Elektronik di Indonesia Dan Perkembangannya Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia Beserta Harmonisasinya Dengan Electronic Health Records (Manual for Developing Countries). Skripsi FH Universitas Kristen Maranatha, 2023.

Online Resources

Admin. “Apa Itu Rekam Medis Elektronik? Ini Penjelasan, Fungsi dan Manfaatnya Bagi Klinik dan Faskes”, Klinik Pintar, 26 November 2022, https://klinikpintar.id/blog/apa-itu-rekam-medis-elektronik-ini-penjelasan-fungsi-dan-manfaatnya-bagi-fasyankes.

IIK Bhakti Wiyata. “Apa Itu Rekam Medis? Ini Penjelasan Lengkapnya.” LUMINA MAGAZINA, 1 September 2022, https://iik.ac.id/blog/apa-itu-rekam-medis/.

Kementrian Kesehatan. “Rekam Medis: Apa Manfaatnya”, Kemkes.go.id, Selasa 06 September 2022, https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/1445/rekam-medis-apa-manfaatnya#:~:text=Manfaat%20kegunaan%20rekam%20medis%20secara,keseh.

Kementrian Informasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia Indonesia. “Sudah Miliki Aturan Soal Perlindungan Data Pribadi.” Kominfo.go.id, 29 Desember 2016 https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/8621/indonesia-sudah-miliki-aturan-soal-perlindungan-data-pribadi/0/sorotan_media.

Kominfo Badan Pengawas Pembangunan dan Keuangan Daerah Sulteng. “Enam Pilar Transformasi Kesehatan Indonesia.” 11 April 2023, bpkp.go.id. https://www.bpkp.go.id/berita/read/41914/0/Enam-Pilar-Transformasi-Kesehatan-Indonesia#:~:text=Dalam%20kesempatan%20tersebut%2C%20Komang%20menjelaskan,Kesehatan%2C%20dan%20Transformasi%20Teknologi%20Kesehatan.

Kustiasih, Rini. “Data Rekam Medis PasienCovid-19 Diduga Bocor, Segera Tuntaskan RUU Perlindungan Data Pribadi.” Kompas.Id, 7 Januari 2022, https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2022/01/07/data-rekam-medis-pasien-covid-19-diduga-bocor-segera-tuntaskan-ruu-perlindungan-data-pribadi.

Referensi Elsam. “Kesehatan Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia Referensi HAM.” Referensi.elsam.or.id, 2015, https://referensi.elsam.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/KESEHATAN-SEBAGAI-HAK-ASASI-MANUSIA.pdf.

Rokom. “Fasyankes Wajib Terapkan Rekam Medis Elektronik.” sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id, 9 September 2022, https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20220909/0841042/fasyankes-wajib-terapkan-rekam-medis-elektronik/.

Zebua, Harianus. “Pengamanan Data Pasien Dalam SIMRS Dan SIM Klinik.” aido.id, 09 Januari 2023, https://aido.id/health-articles/pengamanan-data-simrs-simk/detail.