Humanitas (Jurnal Psikologi)

Career Search Efficacy in Generation Z

Ellen Theresia — 2025-04-28

Generation Z, as the youngest generation in the workplace, has greater access to technology and information, including career exploration. We assume, that family remains an important role in determining career search efficacy. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between career related parental support and career search efficacy in Generation Z. The respondents in this study are Generation Z, aged 18-27 years old (N=160). Based on confirmatory factor analysis in this study, career search efficacy is more fit to be formed by a three-factor scale, rather than a four-factor scale. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analysis showed, the instrumental assistance dimension of career related parental support was negatively related to career search efficacy, while emotional support was found to be positively related to career search efficacy. Our findings provided insights into the different roles of career-related parental support dimensions on career search efficacy among Generation Z.

Validity of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) Measurement Tool Using the Rasch Model in the Indonesian Population

Agatha Maria Febriani Larantukan — 2025-04-30

The role of a caregiver often demands significant sacrifices in terms of time, thought, emotions, and energy, leading to various physical and psychological issues. Therefore, a valid and reliable measurement tool is needed to accurately assess caregiver burden. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) is one such tool that is frequently used and has been shown to be valid and reliable in various countries and ethnic groups. However, in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, there has been limited research on the reliability of the ZBI. This study aims to evaluate the validity of the ZBI within the cultural context of Indonesia using Rasch Model analysis. The study involved 305 caregivers selected through convenience sampling, with the ZBI consisting of 22 items. The analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.93, indicating high reliability. The Wright Map indicated a moderate level of item difficulty. Bias was found in item 21 based on gender, items 6 and 8 based on age, items 7, 11, and 12 based on caregiving duration, and items 6, 7, and 18 based on geographic location. Overall, the Indonesian version of the ZBI was shown to be valid and reliable in measuring caregiver burden.The role of a caregiver often demands significant sacrifices in terms of time, thought, emotions, and energy, leading to various physical and psychological issues. Therefore, a valid and reliable measurement tool is needed to accurately assess caregiver burden. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) is one such tool that is frequently used and has been shown to be valid and reliable in various countries and ethnic groups. However, in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, there has been limited research on the reliability of the ZBI. This study aims to evaluate the validity of the ZBI within the cultural context of Indonesia using Rasch Model analysis. The study involved 305 caregivers selected through convenience sampling, with the ZBI consisting of 22 items. The analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.93, indicating high reliability. The Wright Map indicated a moderate level of item difficulty. Bias was found in item 21 based on gender, items 6 and 8 based on age, items 7, 11, and 12 based on caregiving duration, and items 6, 7, and 18 based on geographic location. Overall, the Indonesian version of the ZBI was shown to be valid and reliable in measuring caregiver burden.

Psychometric Test of the University Student Engagement Inventory (USEI) Scale in Indonesian Version: Validity and Reliability in Students in Indonesia

Kartika Prananto — 2025-04-30

The issue of student engagement in higher education has received increasing attention in recent decades due to its important role in enhancing students’ motivation, academic success, and psychological well-being. Measuring engagement allows higher education institutions to identify areas for improvement and design interventions to enhance the learning experience. This study aims to adapt the University Student Engagement Inventory (USEI) for students in Bandung City, to make it relevant to the local cultural and educational context. The USEI instrument, developed by João Maroco (2016), measures three dimensions of engagement and has been translated and tested for content validity by five experts, resulting in s-cvi of 0.72 (relevance), 0.96 (importance), and 0.84 (clarity), indicating good validity. This instrument was subsequently tested among 150 active students in Bandung City through an online platform, with a construct reliability result of 0.824—indicating good reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) analysis on 11 USEI items showed the results of χ2/df = 1.170, p-value = 0.009, RMSEA = 0.063, GFI = 0.928, CFI = 0.947, and TLI = 0.929, indicating that the CFA model is valid. Further research is suggested to involve larger and more diverse samples from various universities and faculties in Bandung City.

Case Study: Psychological Dynamics and the Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder with Panic Attacks

Roselli Kezia Ausie — 2025-04-28

This study aims to provide an overview of the psychological mechanisms of individual with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) accompanied by panic attacks. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was provided in an effort to reduce anxiety symptoms. The intervention was conducted over eight sessions, consisting of psychoeducation, relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and problem-solving exercises. The research method used was a qualitative approach with a case study design involving one participant. Measurements were conducted through interviews, observations, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory questionnaire. The results of the study indicate how cognitive distortions play a role in anxiety disorders. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy found to be an effective approach in reducing anxiety symptoms from severe to moderate. Cognitive distortions, such as the belief in always needing to control everything, changed to a more adaptive way of thinking, where the participant learned to distinguish between things that can and cannot be controlled. Changes in daily activities and problem-solving actions were also observed in the subject. A follow-up three weeks after the intervention showed that cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes were sustained. Panic attacks were not reported by subject post-intervention.

Adaptation of the Community Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Instrument into the Indonesian Language Using the Rasch Model

Wini Indriani — 2025-04-30

This study aims to validate the CAMI instrument developed for respondents in Indonesia using Rasch modeling. Community Attitudes Towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) or community attitudes towards people with mental disorders refers to how society responds to someone with a mental disorder. The sub-dimensions of CAMI are based on (1) authoritarianism, (2) benevolence, (3) social restrictiveness, and (4) community mental health ideology. This instrument was tested on 255 respondents spread across various regions using a Google form. Of the 255 respondents obtained, only 222 respondents were used in the Rasch modeling analysis because 33 respondents needed to meet the person fit test requirements and had to be discarded. The results of the study indicate that CAMI has good psychometric characteristics for measuring community attitudes toward people with mental disorders. All Rasch modeling assumptions are met. Respondent reliability of 0.62, item reliability of 0.99, and instrument reliability of 0.66 indicate fairly good internal consistency of the Indonesian version of CAMI. Based on these findings, public attitudes towards people with mental disorders in Indonesia can be measured using this instrument.

Antisocial Behavior in Peer Attachment and Celebrity Worship Fandom

Rini Zahraini Nurajmi — 2025-04-30

The aim of this research is to explore whether peer attachment, celebrity worship, age, and gender have an impact on antisocial behavior within fandom (Korean music fans). This study employs a predictive correlational design using regression analysis techniques for data analysis. Antisocial behavior is the dependent variable, while the independent variables are peer attachment, celebrity worship, age, and gender. The sample consists of 325 individuals, including 61 males (18.8%) and 264 females (81.2%). The sample age range is 15-30 years (M=21.88; SD=2.69). The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling, specifically convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using a likert-type questionnaire. The Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (STAB) by Burt and Donnellan (2009) was used to measure antisocial behavior, peer attachment was measured using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) by Armsden and Greenberg (1987), and the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) by Maltby et al. (2006) was used to measure celebrity worship. The validation of measurement instruments was conducted using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results of multiple regression analysis indicate that the dimensions with a significant impact are peer trust, peer alienation, intense-personal, borderline-pathological, and gender. Meanwhile, peer communication, social entertainment, and age do not have a significant impact on antisocial behavior within fandom.

Self-Confidence in Children Experiencing Fatherlessness

Desi Riska Sandra Devi — 2025-04-30

The issue of fatherless has become an international problem, including in Indonesia. Fatherless itself is a condition that covers a variety of circumstances, including the absence of a physical or emotional role of a father. This study aims to investigate self-confidence in children who experience fatherless and the impact of fatherless in children. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection technique used was interviews involving 5 participants with different causes of fatherlessness, some due to divorced parents, dead fathers, and fathers who did not carry out their full roles and responsibilities. The data analysis technique in this study used Interpretative Phenomenologycal Analisyst. The results showed that fatherless has several impacts on children's self-confidence, including feelings of insecurity, impaired socialization, and barriers to self-expression. In addition, it was also found that 4 childrens (80%) had a sense of uncertainty in their abilities such as feelings of doubt and difficulty in expressing themselves. While 1 child (20%) felt confident in their abilities and did not give up on their failure. This study provides information about the description of children's self-confidence through parental care, especially fathers in the family.

The Influence of FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) Culture on Social Adaptation of Migrant Students

Sabrina Zakiyatun Nisa — 2025-04-30

This study aims to analyze the influence of the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) culture on the social adaptation of students from outside the region at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Through a quantitative approach using simple regression analysis, the study involved 213 first-year Psychology students from outside the area as the sample. The results of the analysis indicate that there is no significant influence between FoMO levels and the social adaptation capabilities of these students. This finding suggests that although FoMO has the potential to affect psychological well-being, it does not directly hinder or enhance social integration in a new environment. This research provides important insights into how digital cultures like FoMO may not play a dominant role in influencing individual social adaptation processes in new settings.

Adaptation and Testing of the Complex Thinking-21 Scale Measurement Tool in Indonesia

Joti Cherryelle Rizky Yanto Soemantri — 2025-04-28

Complex Thinking is a cognitive process for understanding the relationship between unity and diversity. This process involves interdisciplinary skills that are important for students in the context of education and professional life preparation. However, until now, no adaptation of the Complex Thinking measurement tool has been conducted in Indonesia. Therefore, a study is needed to examine the validity and reliability of the Complex Thinking measurement tool adapted from Tobon (2021) in the Indonesian context. The Complex Thinking scale consists of 21 items with 5 dimensions: problem solving, critical analysis, metacognition, system analysis, and creativity. This study involved 203 active university students as participants. The results of the CFA test indicated that the model was fit, with goodness-of-fit indices of 0.067 (RMSEA), 0.062 (SRMR), and 0.994 (CFI). These findings confirm that the Complex Thinking measurement tool adapted into Indonesian has good validity. Furthermore, with a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.885, the measurement tool has proven to be reliable.

Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Anak Agung Sri Sanjiwani — 2025-04-30

The dynamics of the developmental process in adolescence not only involve physical changes but also require adjustments in terms of psychological and social. This study aims to examine the effect of ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) as a therapy for adolescents on mental and physical health problems including cognitive, emotional and behavioural aspects. The method used was Systematic Literature Review using 4 databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, and Scopus, and critical appraisal was carried out and resulted in 7 literatures with the category of adolescents aged 10-21 years. The results show that based on the 7 literatures that have been reviewed, ACT is proven to be effective as a therapy for adolescents. Based on the diversity in the characteristics of adolescents studied, it shows that the application of ACT contributes positively to adolescents with ASD (autism spectrum disorder), SLD (specific learning disorder), obesity and mental health problems including psychological distress such as stress, anxiety, depression, self-defences mechanisms, flexibility in dealing with problems. Several factors that may be associated with the effectiveness of ACT therapy include the number of sessions, duration, media of presentation and self-assignment. Adolescents showed a positive effect on online and offline method at 4-8 sessions, duration of 30-90 minutes and delivery media involving pictorial media in ACT-online as well as flexibility in the time of therapy implementation.