Retail Clustering Using K-Means to Optimize Intermediate Warehouse Locations for 3-kg LPG Distribution Based on Transportation Capacity

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Published: Jun 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.28932/jis.v9i1.13507
Keywords:
demand allocation, intermediate warehouse, K-Means Clustering, LPG distribution, transportation capacity

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Ryry Rizky Asri
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia
Muhammad Nurman Helmi
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia
Bram Andryanto
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia
Ibnu Habib
Program Studi Manajemen Logistik, Fakultas Logistik, Teknologi dan Bisnis, Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional, Bandung, Indonesia
Putri Zsa Zsa Leani Leuser
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia
Putri Mety Zalynda
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia
Yogi Yogaswara
Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

The distribution of 3-kg LPG in the Greater Bandung area faces efficiency challenges in facility placement and service area allocation. This study aims to determine intermediate warehouse locations using the K-Means Clustering method and to allocate demand based on vehicle capacity. The clustering process was conducted using customer location coordinates, individual customer demand, and available vehicle capacity. This method was used to group 72 agents into balanced clusters based on geographical proximity and vehicle capacity constraints, ensuring that each cluster can be served by one vehicle without exceeding its maximum capacity. Based on a total demand of 5,570 units and a vehicle capacity of 560 units, this study produced 10 clusters with an average demand of 557 units per cluster. The centroid of each cluster is proposed as a candidate location for an intermediate warehouse. The demand reallocation process resulted in a more balanced distribution, as indicated by a reduction in inter-cluster demand variance from 41.9 to 3. These results indicate that the integration of K-Means Clustering and capacity-based demand allocation can be used as an initial approach in designing a more balanced and structured 3-kg LPG distribution network.

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How to Cite
Asri, R. R., Helmi, M. N., Andryanto, B., Habib, I., Leuser, P. Z. Z. L., Zalynda, P. M., & Yogaswara, Y. (2026). Retail Clustering Using K-Means to Optimize Intermediate Warehouse Locations for 3-kg LPG Distribution Based on Transportation Capacity. Journal of Integrated System, 9(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.28932/jis.v9i1.13507
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Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Integrated System Vol. 9 No. 1 (June 2026)
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Articles
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