Journal of Medicine and Health

Characteristics of Congenital Heart Disease Patients in Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita from 2019 to 2023

Nathaniel Abednego — 2026-02-27

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common congenital disorders, affecting approximately 8 per 1,000 live births in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with CHD treated at Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita from 2019 to 2023. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using medical record data from 5,599 patients under the age of 18. Variables analyzed included annual case distribution, demographic characteristics, CHD classification, complications, and treatment outcomes. The highest number of cases was recorded in 2023 (1,457 cases; 26.02%). Most patients were under five years old (59.94%), with a slight female predominance (50.94%). Acyanotic CHD was more prevalent (60.33%), predominantly ventricular septal defect (53.11%), while cyanotic CHD accounted for 39.67%, dominated by Tetralogy of Fallot (59.70%). Congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension were the most frequent complications. Cyanotic CHD was associated with growth and developmental disorders and malnutrition, whereas acyanotic CHD generally demonstrated adequate nutritional status. The most common intervention was total repair of Tetralogy of Fallot. Surgical success rates were high in acyanotic (97.37%) and cyanotic CHD (94.73%). Mortality was higher in cyanotic CHD, particularly with delayed diagnosis. Early detection improves outcomes significantly overall.

Hubungan Kebisingan terhadap Gangguan Fungsi Pendengaran pada Karyawan Perusahaan X di Cikarang

Kiaranisa AC Tampubolon — 2026-02-27

Excessive noise exposure can lead to permanent hearing damage over time. Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), caused by occupational noise exposure, is a common health issue. Many studies focus on occupational noise exposure that exceeds exposure limits; yet, few focus on the impact of exposure duration on hearing function. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the duration of noise exposure and loss of hearing function among employees of Company X. This cross-sectional study involved 61 employees of Company X. Company X is a multinational glass company that produces glass and glass ceramics, including syringes, eyeglasses, vials, and ampoules. Data was collected using a noise exposure characteristics questionnaire, a sound level meter for noise level measurement, and audiometry to assess hearing function. Subjects with a prior diagnosis of hearing disorders, hypertension, obesity, and those aged over 65 were excluded from this study. Audiometry results were grouped into categories, with 57 subjects (93.44%) categorized as “normal”, 3 subjects (4.92%) as “mild”, and 1 subject (1.64%) as “moderate”. Chi-square analysis with a P-value of 0.495 (>0.05) indicated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the duration of noise exposure and loss of hearing function among employees of Company X.

Hubungan Usia, Jenis Fraktur, dan Lokasi Fraktur Tulang Panjang dengan Komplikasi Pascabedah di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya 2023

Sania Zahra — 2026-02-27

Fraktur tulang panjang merupakan cedera yang sering memerlukan tindakan pembedahan. Akan tetapi komplikasi pascabedah, seperti infeksi, perdarahan, nonunion, sering terjadi dan dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien. Faktor-faktor seperti usia pasien, jenis fraktur, dan lokasi fraktur berkontribusi terhadap risiko komplikasi pascabedah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara usia pasien, jenis fraktur, dan lokasi fraktur tulang panjang dengan komplikasi pascabedah di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan data rekam medis pasien fraktur tulang panjang yang menjalani pembedahan pada tahun 2023. Total 112 pasien dipilih melalui metode total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk hubungan bivariat. Mayoritas pasien berusia di bawah 60 tahun (83,9%) dengan jenis fraktur tertutup (75%), dan lokasi fraktur di ekstremitas bawah (60,7%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara usia pasien (p = 0,002) dan lokasi fraktur (p = 0,010) dengan komplikasi pasca bedah. Namun, jenis fraktur tidak berhubungan signifikan (p = 0,229). Simpulan, usia pasien dan lokasi fraktur tulang panjang berhubungan signifikan dengan komplikasi pascabedah, sedangkan jenis fraktur tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Cut-off of > 10,75 as a Predictor of Mortality in Adult Patients with Bacterial Meningitis at Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital

Wandy Margo — 2026-02-27

Pathogenic microorganisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause bacterial meningitis. One in six patients with bacterial meningitis dies, according to WHO (2023). Inflammatory marker neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is easy to measure and inexpensive. The objective of this investigation is to validate NLR >10,75 as a prognostic indicator of mortality in adult patients with bacterial meningitis at Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital. This retrospective cohort observational analytic analysis included 156 patients treated from March 2021 to October 2024. Chi-square bivariate testing and logistic regression using SPSS IBM version 30 will be performed on this research data. After statistical analysis, the research subjects were separated into high and low NLR groups based on ROC of 10.75 and AUC of 79.8%. A study found that NLR >10.75 increases mortality risk in adult patients with bacterial meningitis by 2.842, with a 95% Confidence Interval of 1.871-4.317 and a p-value of <0.001. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated that sex, cerebrospinal fluid glucose levels, and NLR significantly affect mortality from bacterial meningitis. This study demonstrated that an NLR value exceeding 10.75 is a predictor of mortality in adult patients with bacterial meningitis at Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital.

Hubungan Ibu Usia Dini Saat Melahirkan dengan Kejadian Stunting Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Buntut Bali Kabupaten Katingan

Clarisa O Fortuna — 2026-02-27

Seorang anak dikatakan mengalami stunting jika tinggi atau panjang badannya kurang dari -2 SD pada kurva pertumbuhan WHO. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh kebutuhan nutrisi yang tidak terpenuhi dan malnutrisi kronis. Kabupaten Katingan memiliki angka kejadian stunting tertinggi kedua di Kalimantan Tengah, yaitu 34%, menurut statistik SKI 2023. Karena tubuh dan sistem reproduksi mereka yang belum matang, remaja yang hamil memiliki risiko lebih tinggi membahayakan ibu dan janin. Akibatnya, anak-anak yang lahir sebelum usia 20 tahun lebih mungkin menderita stunting, dan ibu yang melahirkan berisiko mengalami masalah. Dengan menggunakan desain case-control dan teknik analisis observasional, penelitian ini melibatkan 92 anak berusia antara 24 dan 59 bulan (46 kasus dan 46 kontrol) yang dipilih secara khusus. Frekuensi stunting pada anak berkorelasi signifikan dengan perempuan yang melahirkan di usia muda, menurut analisis menggunakan uji chi-square (p = 0,000; OR = 24). Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa memiliki anak sebelum berusia 20 tahun secara signifikan meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya stunting.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Secretome and Vitamin C Combination Additively Enhance Epidermal Keratinocyte Proliferation and Morphology: Evidence from Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rat Skin Aging Models

Olivia Belinda — 2026-02-27

Skin aging, driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, impairs keratinocyte proliferation and morphology. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome and vitamin C possess regenerative and anti-aging properties that may counteract these changes. This study aimed to evaluate the additive effects of MSC secretome and vitamin C on keratinocyte proliferation and morphology in intrinsic and extrinsic rat skin aging models. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups: intrinsic aging control (IAC; D-galactose-induced), extrinsic aging control (EAC; UVB-induced), MSC secretome-treated (IS and ES; 0.2 mL MSC secretome), vitamin C-treated (IC and EC; 0.2 mL vitamin C at 75 μg/mL), and combination-treated (ISC and ESC; 0.1 mL of each treatment). Treatments were administered intradermally once weekly for four weeks. Histological analysis assessed keratinocyte count and size in the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Combination treatment (ISC, ESC) produced the most pronounced and statistically significant increases in keratinocyte counts and reductions in cell size across both strata (p < 0.01 to ≤ 0.001), whereas individual treatments showed variable effects, with most failing to reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that combined MSC secretome and vitamin C treatment produces the most pronounced histological effects in keratinocyte counts and size, likely reflecting complementary actions, and supports its potential as a cell-free anti-aging therapy.

Teripang dalam Era Onkologi Integratif: Prospek Bioterapi Kanker Hati

Raden G Sariwidyantry — 2026-02-27

Teripang (Holothuroidea) merupakan invertebrata laut yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti triterpen glikosida, saponin, dan polisakarida, yang menunjukkan potensi terapeutik signifikan terhadap karsinoma hepatoseluler (HCC). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk merangkum bukti terkini mengenai aktivitas farmakologis teripang serta menjelaskan mekanisme molekuler yang mendasari efek antikankernya. Berbagai studi eksperimental telah menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak teripang memiliki efek antiinflamasi, imunomodulator, antioksidan, dan antitumor melalui mekanisme induksi apoptosis, penghentian siklus sel, penghambatan angiogenesis, serta modulasi jalur pensinyalan onkogenik. Dalam konteks onkologi integratif, teripang semakin diakui sebagai agen adjuvan potensial karena memiliki sitotoksisitas selektif terhadap sel kanker dan kemampuan mengatur mikro lingkungan tumor. Akan tetapi masih terdapat berbagai tantangan, termasuk variasi antarspesies dalam kandungan senyawa bioaktif, keterbatasan data farmakokinetik, serta belum adanya standarisasi dosis dan validasi klinis. Simpulan, senyawa bioaktif yang berasal dari teripang merupakan sumber alami yang menjanjikan untuk pengelolaan HCC. Penelitian praklinis dan klinis yang dirancang dengan baik sangat diperlukan untuk memastikan efektivitas, keamanan, dan potensi translasi klinisnya dalam terapi kanker hati di masa depan.

Eventrasi Diafragma Kanan: Strategi Operasi dan Hasil Klinis

Filza RA Aslam — 2026-02-27

Eventrasi diafragma kongenital merupakan kelainan bawaan yang jarang terjadi, akibat kegagalan perkembangan otot diafragma, dengan data insidensi dan prevalensi terbatas. Eventrasi diafragma kongenital kanan lebih jarang terjadi, dengan insidensi sekitar 1 dari 10.000 kelahiran hidup, dan dapat menjadi kegawatan pada neonatus karena menimbulkan distres pernapasan berat. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk melaporkan kasus serta menyoroti pentingnya diagnosis serta penatalaksanaan dini pada kasus eventrasi diafragma kongenital kanan. Kami melaporkan kasus bayi perempuan usia tiga hari dengan sesak napas sejak lahir, asimetri gerakan dinding dada, suara napas menurun pada hemitoraks kanan, serta suara usus di rongga toraks. Babygram menunjukkan elevasi hemidiafragma kanan dengan loop usus intratorakal. Pasien menjalani laparotomi eksplorasi emergensi dengan plikasi diafragma, dan pascaoperasi terjadi perbaikan fungsi pernapasan sehingga dapat dipulangkan dalam kondisi baik. Kasus ini menegaskan peran penting deteksi dini dan intervensi pembedahan segera dalam memperbaiki luaran pada neonatus dengan eventrasi diafragma kongenital kanan.

A Rare Presentation of Hemothorax due to Left Hemithorax Penetrative Wound: An Operative Approach Requiring Segmentectomy

Adhia Endrika — 2026-02-27

Hemothorax is a medical emergency as blood accumulates inside the pleural space due to spontaneous, iatrogenic, or traumatic etiology. In general, hemothorax has a good prognosis. But severe hemothorax, especially those in vital areas, can lead to more invasive management. This case report aims to explore the presentation of massive hemothorax due to penetrative trauma and discuss suitable management approaches. A 16-year-old patient came due to spear wound through the left shoulder without exit wound. From primary assessment we found subcutaneous emphysema in the left lung, without compensation in airway and circulation system. A thoracocentesis intervention promptly performed as initial treatment. Secondary management proceeded with surgical thoracotomy which resulted in segmentectomy. Around 2-6% of patients of hemothorax patients need surgical intervention, and less than 2% will need segmentectomy intervention due to bleeding that cannot be corrected with surgical ligation. This case is one of the rare cases of hemothorax with segmentectomy. Although this patient did not have any respiratory nor circulatory complication, laceration in proximal hilum area leads to massive bleeding that damaged the lung parenchyma. Vigilant assessment in patients with penetrative trauma, especially in the left hemithorax, is essential to diagnose possible complication and execute evidence-based management plan.

How Inpatient Rehabilitation Transform ed a Geriatric Male with Severe Frailty and Depression: A Case Report

Regina E Gusti — 2026-02-27

Frailty, sarcopenia, and depression are interconnected geriatric syndromes that worsen functional decline and quality of life. Previous literature has mainly focused on single-domain interventions, while reports on multidomain inpatient rehabilitation in severely frail elderly patients with recurrent pneumonia remain scarce. This case report aimed to evaluate the benefits of a multidomain inpatient rehabilitation program on physical and mental recovery in a geriatric patient with severe frailty, depression, and recurrent pneumonia. This case report describes a 72-year-old male with de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) 0, Strength, Assistance with walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, Falls (SARC-F) 8, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) 7, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) 11 who underwent twice-daily cardiopulmonary endurance training using arm ergometer cycling for 20 minutes (0 watts, 30–40 RPM) with gradual increments, combined with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and progressive mobilization exercises. After two weeks, the patient showed meaningful improvements: DEMMI increased to 8, GDS decreased to 8, SARC-F improved, and bronchopneumonia resolved, while sarcopenia remained stable. Comprehensive rehabilitation combining aerobic exercise, CBT, and mobilization exercises effectively improves mobility, mood, and frailty in geriatric patients. In conclusion, multidisciplinary approaches are important for managing complex geriatric conditions.