The Correlation of Body Composition with Random Blood Glucose in Young Adult Medical Students at Pelita Harapan University

Authors

  • Wahyuni L Atmadja Faculty of Medicine Pelita Harapan University
  • Rohana UP Siregar Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University
  • Anggelia Wijaya Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University
  • William S Kartono Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University
  • Vether Fernhandho Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University
  • Grace A Christy Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28932/jmh.v7i2.11930

Keywords:

body composition, random blood glucose, correlation, young adult, medical students

Abstract

Body composition refers to the arrangement of fat, water, bone, muscle, skin, and other lean tissues that constitute the body. A shift in composition of the body, increased fat storage and reduced muscle mass lead to metabolic imbalance and elevate the likelihood of type 2 diabetes.Although the previous studies have shown the alterations in body composition related to their age, the correlation of body composition to random blood glucose of young adults has not yet been explored clearly. Therefore, our goal is to establish the relationship between body fat, muscle mass, and random blood glucose levels in young adults. In this cross-sectional study, 296 medical students aged 19-24 years old were included and examined for their body composition with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and measured random blood glucose with a glucometer. Using Spearman's correlation (p<0.05), we found significant positive correlations for body fat (r=0.133, p=0.022) and fat-to-muscle ratio (r=0.131, p=0.024), whereas muscle mass exhibited an inverse relationship (r=-0.130, p=0.026). Based on gender, the correlation for body composition and random blood glucose were significant in males but not for females. Higher body fat and lower muscle mass are associated with elevated random blood glucose levels in young adults, particularly in males.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Wahyuni L Atmadja, Faculty of Medicine Pelita Harapan University

Nama Lengkap : Prof. Wahyuni Lukita Atmodjo dr., PAK, Ph.D 1. Asal Institusi : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan 2. Bidang Ilmu : Anatomi 3. Pendidikan Terakhir : Strata 3 Doktor 4. Jumlah publikasi nasional 3 (tiga) tahun terakhir: (-) 5. Jumlah publikasi internasional 3 (tiga) tahun terakhir: a. Penulis Utama : 3 (tiga) Wahyuni Atmodjo, Darti Wibisono, Graciella Wahjoepramono, George Mathew, 2015. The correlation between activated hepatic stellate cells and neoplastic hepatocytes in the liver of Balb C mice after injection with carcinogen. Hepatol Int (2015) 9 (Suppl 1):S1–S391. DOI 10.1007/s12072-015-9609- Wahyuni Atmodjo, Darti Wibisono, Graciella Wahjoepramono, Clinton, Stella Marleen, George Mathew 2014. Curcuminoids Inhibit the Progression of Liver Carcinogenesis in Balb/C Mice Induced by Diethylnitrosamine. Korean Journal of Internal medicine Vol 29, N0 5, 2014 Wahyuni L. Atmodjo et al. 2013. Chronic hepatitis B Virus Infection in Community Health Centre’s Rural and Urban Area of Tangerang Regency: Prevalence of Serological Markers. Hepatology International Vol.7, Supplement 1, June 2013 b. Penulis Anggota : Graciella Wahjoepramono, 1, Clinton 1, Wahyuni L. Atmodjo1,2, Shirley I. Moningkey1, and George Mathew1, 2 Serologic Profile of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection Prevalence in Rural Areas of Tangerang Regency, Indonesia. Korean Journal of Internal medicine Vol 29, N0 5, 2014

References

Braun A. Body Composition: Definition and Insights into Health. [Cited February 07, 2025]. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/body-composition-5509458

Sedlmeier AM, Baumeister SE, Weber A, Fischer B, Thorand B, Ittermann T, et al. Relation of body fat mass and fat-free mass to total mortality: results from 7 prospective cohort studies. AJCN. 2021; 113(3):639–46.

Holmes CJ, Racette SB. The Utility of Body Composition Assessment in Nutrition and Clinical Practice: An Overview of Current Methodology. Nutrients. 2021; 13(8): 2493.

Lin X, Li H. Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2021;12(1).

Zhang S, Jiang H, Wang L, Jia X, Zhang J, Wang H, et al. Longitudinal relationship between body fat percentage and risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Front Public Health. 2022; 10:1032130.

Salmón-Gómez L, Catalán V, Frühbeck G, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Relevance of body composition in phenotyping the obesities. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2023; 24(1):809-23.

Willoughby D, Hewlings S, Kalman D. Body Composition Changes in Weight Loss: Strategies and Supplementation for Maintaining Lean Body Mass, a Brief Review. Nutrients. 2018; 10(12):1876.

Ross R, Neeland IJ, Yamashita S, Shai I, Seidell J, Magni P, et.al. Waist circumference as a vital sign in clinical practice: a consensus statement from the IAS and ICCR Working Group on Visceral Obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020; 16(3):177-89.

Ward LC. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Body Composition Assessment: Reflections on Accuracy, Clinical Utility, and Standardisation. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018; 73(2):194–9.

Gamboa-Gómez CI, Simental-Mendia LE, Rodriguez-Moran M, Guerero-Romero F. The Fat-To-Lean Mass Ratio, a Novel Anthropometric Index, Is Associated to Glucose Metabolic Disorders. Eur J Intern Med. 2019; 63:74–8.

Ramírez-Vélez R, Carrillo HA, Correa-Bautista JE, Schmidt-RioValle J, González-Jiménez E, Correa-Rodríguez M, et al. Fat-To-Muscle Ratio: A New Anthropometric Indicator as a Screening Tool for Metabolic Syndrome in Young Colombian People. Nutrients. 2018; 10(8):1027.

Zhang K, Ma Y, Luo Y, Song Y, Xiong G, Ma Y, et al. Metabolic diseases and healthy aging: identifying environmental and behavioral risk factors and promoting public health. Front Public Health. 2023; 11:1253506.

Kalyani RR, Tra Y, Egan JM, Ferrucci L, Brancati F. Hyperglycemia is associated with relatively lower lean body mass in older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(8):737–43.

Kalyani RR, Metter EJ, Egan J, Golden SH, Ferrucci L. Hyperglycemia predicts persistently lower muscle strength with aging. Diabetes Care. 2015; 38(1):82–90.

Akter R, Nessa A, Husain MF, Wahed F, Khatun N, Yesmin M, et al. Effect of Obesity on Fasting Blood Sugar. Mymensingh Med J. 2017; 26(1):7-11.

Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Karuranga S, Unwin N, et al. Global and Regional Diabetes Prevalence Estimates for 2019 and Projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019; 157:107843.

Jo A, Mainous III AG. Informational Value of Percent Body Fat with Body Mass Index for the Risk of Abnormal Blood Glucose: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(4): e019200 18. Diaz T, Strong KL, Cao B, Guthold R, Moran AC, Moller AB, et al. A call for standardised age-disaggregated health data. NCBI Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021; 2(7):436–43.

Ramírez-Vélez R, Garcia-Hermoso A, Prieto-Benavides DH, Correa-Bautista JE, Quino-Ávila AC, Rubio-Barreto CM, et al. Muscle mass to visceral fat ratio is an important predictor of the metabolic syndrome in college students. Br J Nutr. 2019; 121(3):330–9.

Alvarez S, Coffey R, Mathias PM, Algotar AM. Prediabetes. StatPearls Publishing. 2023. p.1-9.

Chen F, Liu J, Huo D, Li T, Chen Y, Liao Z, et al. The Relationship between Fat Mass Percentage and Glucose Metabolism in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrient. 2022; 14(11):2272.

Merz KE, Thurmond DC. Role of Skeletal Muscle in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Uptake. Comprehensive Physiology. 2020; 10(3):785–809.

Srikanthan P, Horwich TB, Press MC, Gornbein J, Watson KE. Sex Differences in the Association of Body Composition and Cardiovascular Mortality. JAHA. 2021; 10(5):10.

Pataky MW, Dasari S, Michie KL, Sevits KJ, Kumar AA, Klaus AA, et al. Impact of Biological Sex and Sex Hormones on Molecular Signatures of Skeletal Muscle at Rest and in Response to Distinct Exercise Training Modes. Cell Metabolism. 2023; 35(11):1996-2010.

Alexander SE, Pollock AC, Lamon S. The Effect of Sex Hormones on Skeletal Muscle Adaptation in Females. European Journal of Sport Science. 2021; 22(7):1–11.

Wu L, Huang Y, Chen Y, Liao Z, Li S, Liu J, et al. Sex differences in associations between body composition and cardiometabolic indicators in Chinese children: a cross-sectional study. BMJ. 2025; 15(5): 1-9.

Downloads

Published

2025-08-28

How to Cite

1.
Atmadja WL, Siregar RU, Wijaya A, Kartono WS, Fernhandho V, Christy GA. The Correlation of Body Composition with Random Blood Glucose in Young Adult Medical Students at Pelita Harapan University. J. Med. Health [Internet]. 2025Aug.28 [cited 2025Dec.5];7(2):154-62. Available from: http://114.7.153.31/index.php/jmh/article/view/11930

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyuni L. Atmadja, Rohana UP Siregar, Anggelia Wijaya, William S Kartono, Vether Fernhandho, Grace A Christy

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work
    simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.